• Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic purine

  2024-01-16

  

  Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic purine nucleoside that accumulates extracellularly in response to metabolic stresses such as hypoxia and inflammation. Activation of either G protein-coupled adenosine receptors (ARs; A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R) by extracellular adenosine can modulate cell signali

• Another open question is whether GABA and ACh

  2024-01-16

  

  Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released from the same synaptic vesicles, or even the same presynaptic terminals. Multi-transmitter neurons may either function through co-release, in which multiple neurotransmitters are packaged into the same presynaptic terminal and are therefore

• Introduction The first use of the term autophagy by

  2024-01-16

  

  Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i

• br Introduction The process of mitosis is highly complex and

  2024-01-16

  

  Introduction The process of mitosis is highly complex and tightly regulated. This phase of the 8-CPT-Cyclic AMP sodium salt resulted in two identical daughter cells. The aurora kinases (aurora A, B, and C) are a family of three highly homologous serine-threonine protein kinases that play a key r

• o6 methylguanine methyltransferase Ryoichi et al modified po

  2024-01-16

  

  Ryoichi et al. modified potent clinical candidate VX-680 (6) with 3-cyano-6-(5-methyl-3-pyrazolamino)pyridine as Aurora kinase inhibitor. Substituted cyano pyridine derivative (7) inhibited proliferation of HCT-116 cells with an IC50 value of 115 nM. It showed tumor inhibition in mice model at a dos

• We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin

  2024-01-16

  

  We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin on the AChE activity in the brainstem during the demyelination and remyelination process [17]. It has also been observed that there is a protective effect on lipid peroxidation and worsening of motor functions caused by loss of myelin in the

• Along with the improvement of the cadmium transport from

  2024-01-16

  

  Along with the improvement of the cadmium transport from roots to aerial tissues, as is required for phytoremediation, over-expression of PtoHMA5 also led to the excessive accumulation of cadmium in leaves that was harmful to plant growth and physiological performance. Thus, detoxification of the he

• Recent progress has been made in translating

  2024-01-16

  

  Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings on memory performance and amnestic effects – that are largely determined by tonically active receptors in which α5 contributes to the benzodiazepine binding site. Based on the observation that deletion of this subunit led to improved spati

• br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion Although

  2024-01-16

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Although previous studies have indicated that astrocyte aromatase plays a role in nociceptive processes (O'Brien et al., 2015, Smeester et al., 2016), the mechanisms responsible for the regulation of aromatase and its involvement in nociception rem

• Lovastatin receptor Women are usually at risk of sleep

  2024-01-16

  

  Women are usually at risk of sleep deprivation or restriction during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester of gestation, due to the pregnancy-associated anatomic, physiological and hormonal changes (Pien and Schwab, 2004). However, several major Lovastatin receptor developmental events, such

• Fucoidan australia Pioneering studies on the immunomodulator

  2024-01-15

  

  Pioneering studies on the immunomodulatory role of adenosine date back to the early ‘70 s of last century (Fig. 1), when the critical role of this nucleoside in shaping the development and the activity of several immune cell populations was first established [[18], [19], [20], [21], [22]]. This then

• The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed th

  2024-01-15

  

  The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed that the cholinergic up-regulation of VEGF expression in neurons and astrocytes was mainly mediated by nicotinic AChR and muscarinic AChR, respectively. In addition, neuronal VEGF expression was elevated by endogenous ACh in a manner that was

• There are however concerns of

  2024-01-15

  

  There are however, concerns of potential side-effects that should also be taken into account. Even though some studies pointed towards a potentially greater radiosensitising effect in p53-deficient tumours, ATM inhibition radiosensitises LAQ824 in general, which raises the concern of normal tissue

• br Material and methods br Results br

  2024-01-15

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion The present study demonstrates for the first time that Mino selectively induces apoptosis in Jurkat blue nitro via an H2O2 signaling-dependent mechanism. Structurally, Mino is composed of a C10 and C12 phenol group, C12a hydroxyl group, and C1 and C1

• br Drugs with documented pro apoptotic effects on platelets

  2024-01-15

  

  Drugs with documented pro-apoptotic effects on platelets More than 200 drugs are reported to cause thrombocytopenia [5,42]. The concept of platelet apoptosis is relatively new and was only recently evaluated in the context of drug-induced thrombocytopenia [43]. Table 2 lists the drugs presently k

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