• Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated i

  2019-12-12

  

  Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated in humans in principle in the same fashion as in animals, some species differences in CYP3A enzymes induction were observed. Rifampicin is known to be a potent inducer of CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes, whereas pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN)

• BADGE Ung et al examined a variety of structural features

  2019-12-12

  

  Ung et al. examined a variety of structural features based upon the location of the DFG-motif and the αC-helix to define the conformational space of the catalytic domain of protein kinases [75]. They reported that the DFG motif can move from its active DFG-Din location to the inactive DFG-Dout locat

• Ligand binding RTK activation induces the endocytic

  2019-12-12

  

  Ligand binding (RTK activation) induces the endocytic internalization of RTKs, and this has been demonstrated for CSF-1R [15], [16], [17]. Endocytosed RTKs are targeted to the lysosome, which we and others have established to be dependent on ubiquitination via CBL-family and recognition by ESCRT com

• br Introduction Hydrogen sulfide H S and

  2019-12-12

  

  Introduction Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are important gasotransmitters in the cardiovascular system and instrumental to the fine control of vascular tone [1] and cellular function [2]. NO is synthesized from l-arginine by calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e

• br Introduction Cancer related inflammation is associated wi

  2019-12-12

  

  Introduction Cancer related inflammation is associated with poor prognosis and reduced survival in numerous human malignancies. Expansion of myeloid derived immune ro5 in response to tumor-secreted factors largely contributes to the heightened systemic and intra-tumoral inflammatory milieu obser

• An important role for the precursor

  2019-12-12

  

  An important role for the precursor molecule of the main EBI2 ligand, 25-OHC, in the inhibition of inflammation was recently shown. 25-OHC was demonstrated to inhibit inflammasome induction in mouse macrophages [28]. Inflammasome assemblies are the sites of caspase 1 activation and lead to the gener

• Regarding the effects of CRF on anxiety

  2019-12-12

  

  Regarding the effects of CRF on anxiety, Sahuque et al. (2006) have demonstrated that this neuropeptide also enhances anxiety when injected into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a SCR7 structure that has also been related to defensive behavior (Casada and Dafny, 1991, Chen et al., 20

• br Results br Discussion Cell responds to fluctuating enviro

  2019-12-12

  

  Results Discussion Cell responds to fluctuating environmental factors by activating a set of compensatory mechanisms including changes in the lipid profile. Compensatory reactions occurring in membranes in response to phosphate deprivation include replacement of phospholipids by phosphorus-fre

• The ESC update emphasizes the need for implementing strategi

  2019-12-11

  

  The 2017 ESC update emphasizes the need for implementing strategies to minimize PCI-related complications, including risk stratification for ischemia and bleeding, keeping triple antithrombotic therapy to the shortest possible duration with dual antithrombotic therapy as an alternative, using non–vi

• While we previously demonstrated that TraG is inhibited by s

  2019-12-11

  

  While we previously demonstrated that TraG is inhibited by specific transglycosylase inhibitors and that enzymatic activity is strongly reduced upon mutation of the potential catalytic core (Arends et al., 2013), the enzymatic mechanism of both domains was not assigned. Here, by mass spectrometry an

• Mouse Cyp a is a homologous

  2019-12-11

  

  Mouse Cyp3a11 is a homologous isoform of the human CYP3A4 gene, and both are highly expressed in the liver (Hart, Cui, Klaassen, & Zhong, 2009). CYP3A4 is the most abundant CYP450 in hepatic microsomes responsible for drug and xenobiotic metabolism (Zanger & Schwab, 2013), and it is the most active

• In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins

  2019-12-11

  

  In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins, DUBs can also cleave between ubiquitin moieties within a polyubiquitin chain to edit the ubiquitin signal. DUBs employ different strategies to recognize polyubiquitin (Figure 1). DUBs that rely only on interactions on the S1 site tend to be p

• br Significance Dysregulation of dopamine homeostasis contri

  2019-12-11

  

  Significance Dysregulation of dopamine homeostasis contributes to Parkinson\'s disease (PD). The nuclear receptor Nurr1 plays a central role in dopamine homeostasis, regulating the transcription of Angiotensin 1/2 (1-9) receptor governing the synthesis, packaging, and reuptake of dopamine. Effort

• Collagen alignment can contribute to tissue stiffening

  2019-12-11

  

  Collagen alignment can contribute to tissue stiffening (Malik et al., 2015, Paszek et al., 2005), and ECM stiffness in turn is a powerful activator of integrin function (Levental et al., 2009). These findings highlight the contribution of the mechanical properties of the ECM to signal transduction.

• AQP protein expression was determined by Western

  2019-12-11

  

  AQP4 protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. Briefly, protein samples (50μg) from brains or astrocytes were separated by 12% SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were reacted with a rabbit polyclonal antibody against AQ

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